HBSE Class 12 Biology Evolution Multiple Choice Questions

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Class 12 Biology Evolution

Question 1. Mechanical isolation in plants is illustrated with an example of:

  1. Oxalis
  2. Ficus
  3. Salvia
  4. Calotropis.

Answer: 4. Calotropis.

Question 2. Speciation in two adjacent populations refers to;

  1. Sympatry
  2. Allopatry
  3. Population isolation
  4. Parapatric speciation.

Answer: 4. Parapatric speciation.

Question 3. Which of the following is not a part of Lamarck’s theory of evolution?

  1. Use and disuse of organ
  2. Variation
  3. Inheritance of acquired characters
  4. Environmental effect.

Answer: 2. Variation

Question 4. Who wrote the famous book “Philosophie Zoologique.”

  1. Darwin
  2. Morgan
  3. Wallace
  4. J. Lamarck.

Answer: 4. J. Lamarck.

Evolution Class 12 HBSE Biology Notes

Question 5. According to Darwin, the different populations of the same species are referred to as:

  1. Varieties
  2. Subspecies
  3. Cultivars
  4. Incipient species.

Answer: 3. Cultivars

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Question 6. Acquired characters are inherited. Which of the following scientists did not support the idea?

  1. T.H. Morgan
  2. A. Weismann
  3. T.H. Huxley
  4. De Vries.

Answer: 2. A. Weismann

Question 7. A staunch supporter of Neo-Lamarckism is:

  1. A. Weismann
  2. T.H. Morgan
  3. C. Darwin
  4. Hugo de Vries.

Answer: 2. T.H. Morgan

Question 8. Darwin’s theory of natural selection:

  1. Was the first theory of evolution
  2. Failed to explain the sources of evolution
  3. Account for fossils
  4. Has been replaced completely.

Answer: 2. Failed to explain the sources of evolution

Question 9. The concept of evolution through natural selection remains incomplete without:

  1. Variations
  2. Survival of fittest
  3. Struggle for existence
  4. All the above.

Answer: 4. All the above.

Darwin’S Theory Of Evolution Class 12 HBSE

Question 10. Who performed famous inbreeding experiments to expose the inefficiency of Darwinism?

  1. Johanson
  2. Dobzhansky
  3. Sympson
  4. Ernst Myar.

Answer: 1. Johanson

Question 11. Adaptive radiation is:

  1. Migration from centres of dispersal
  2. Tlic use of radioactive isotopes in biological research
  3. Radiation used to destroy cancer
  4. Evolution from an ancestral type to a diverse form suited to different environments.

Answer: 4. Evolution from an ancestral type to a diverse form suited to different environments.

Question 12. Two different groups evolve in such a way so as to produce similar traits. This is an example of:

  1. Parallel evolution
  2. Divergent evolution
  3. Convergent evolution
  4. Both (2) and (3).

Answer: 3. Convergent evolution

Question 13. Marine arthropods were preadapted to terrestrial life by having:

  1. No coelom
  2. Exoskeleton
  3. Closed circulatory system
  4. No body segmentation.

Answer: 2. Exoskeleton

Question 14. Reproductive isolation between segments of a single population is termed:

  1. Allopatry
  2. Population
  3. Divergence sympatry
  4. Disruptive isolation.

Answer: 3. Divergence sympatry

Evidences Of Evolution Class 12 HBSE

Question 15. “An organ is used well, it will develop better and if it is not used, it is likely to become vestigial”. This was given by:

  1. Darwin
  2. De Vries
  3. Lamarck
  4. Mendel.

Answer: 3. Lamarck

Question 16. Blood precipitation tests are useful in:

  1. Blood group
  2. Animal relation
  3. Antigen-antibody reaction
  4. Immunity.

Answer: 2. Animal relation

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Question 17. Fitness, according to Darwin refers ultimately to:

  1. Dominance over others
  2. Ability to defend
  3. Number of offsprings
  4. Strategy for obtaining food.

Answer: 3. Number of offsprings

Question 18. Nowadays Lamarckian theory is being reviewed in the light of the modern concept of evolution under the heading Neo-Lamarckism. Who proved that the genes are influenced by physical and chemical factors so that they bring remarkable changes to the offspring:

  1. Muller
  2. Lindsci
  3. Hoffman
  4. Haeckel.

Answer: 1. Muller

Question 19. The struggle for existence is a consequence of:

  1. Innate competitive tendencies
  2. Territories and dominance hierarchies
  3. Each organism leaves behind more offspring than needed to replace it
  4. The inevitable difficulty of coping with climatic conditions.

Answer: 4. The inevitable difficulty of coping with climatic conditions.

Speciation And Adaptive Radiation Class 12 HBSE

Question 20. When in the nucleus of some animal cell the number of chromosomes is increased or decreased, and a change takes place in the genes, then the event is called:

  1. Hereditary characters
  2. Adaptation
  3. Mutation
  4. None.

Answer: 3. Mutation

Question 21. In convergent evolution:

  1. Unrelated organisms look alike under environmental influence
  2. Related organisms look distinct
  3. The similarity in appearance is not caused by environmental factors
  4. The environment has no role.

Answer: 1. Unrelated organisms look alike under environmental influence

Question 22. The aspect most profoundly coupled with natural selection is:

  1. Preservation of favoured races
  2. Adaptability of every single species
  3. Enhanced fecundity of all organisms
  4. Lesser role of environmental factors.

Answer: 1. Preservation of favoured races

Question 23. The modem scientific theory is redefined:

  1. Natural selection
  2. Theory of natural selection
  3. Theory of special creation
  4. Scala Naturae.

Answer: 2. Theory of natural selection

Question 24. Natural selection acts on an organism:

  1. Dominant alleles
  2. Recessive homozygous alleles
  3. Combined genotype
  4. Phenotype.

Answer: 4. Phenotype.

Genetic Drift And Gene Flow Class 12 HBSE

Question 25. Microevolution concerns the occurrence of:

  1. Tribes
  2. Races
  3. Sub-species
  4. Genera.

Answer: 3. Sub-species

Question 26. Microevolution changes:

  1. Genetic equilibrium
  2. Dominant trait
  3. Gene pool
  4. Gene occurrence.

Answer: 1. Genetic equilibrium

Question 27. Neo-Darwinism believes that new species develop through:

  1. Mutations
  2. Hybridisation
  3. Mutations with natural selection
  4. Continuous variations with natural selection.

Answer: 3. Mutations with natural selection

Question 28. The two key concepts of Darwinian theory of evolution are:

  1. Fitness
  2. Branching descent
  3. Natural selection
  4. Both (2) and (3).

Answer: 4. Both (2) and (3).

Question 29. Distantly related organisms with similar traits have experienced:

  1. Co-evolution
  2. Convergent evolution
  3. Divergent evolution
  4. Parallel evolution.

Answer: 2. Convergent evolution

Modern Synthetic Theory Of Evolution Class 12 HBSE

Question 30. “Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection” was objected to, because it:

  1. Stresses open inter-specific competition
  2. Explains adaptations of certain inherited characters
  3. Stresses upon slow and small variations.
  4. Explains that natural calamities take a heavy annual toll on lives.

Answer: 3. Stresses upon slow and small variations.

Question 31. Parallelism is:

  1. Adaptive divergence in evolution
  2. Adaptive convergence of widely different species in evolution
  3. Adaptive convergence of closely related species in evolution
  4. None of the above.

Answer: 3. Adaptive convergence of closely related species in evolution

Difference Between Lamarckism And Darwinism

Question 32. The Hardy-Weinberg Law states that when two alleles are considered:

  1. Dominant alleles will always be more frequent in the population than recessive alleles
  2. Heterozygotes will be twice as likely as homozygotes in a population
  3. Members of adjacent populations are not able to interbreed with one another
  4. Allelic frequencies cannot change in a large population unless one is at a selective advantage over the other or mating is non-random.

Answer: 4. Allelic frequencies cannot change in a large population unless one is at a selective advantage over the other or mating is non-random.

Question 33. The Hardy-Weinberg Law allows us to predict that:

  1. Sexual reproduction is necessary for evolution
  2. Sexual reproduction may be a cause of evolution
  3. Sexual reproduction plays no role in evolution
  4. Sexual reproduction will cause evolution if individuals prefer mates with one genotype over those with other genotypes.

Answer: 4. Sexual reproduction will cause evolution if individuals prefer mates with one genotype over those with other genotypes.

Human Evolution Class 12 Biology HBSE

Question 34. The change of lighter coloured variety of peppered moth, Riston betularia to its darker variety (carbonara) is due to:

  1. Mutation of a single Mendelian gene for survival in the smoke-laden industrial environment
  2. Deletion of a segment of a gene due to industrial pollution
  3. Industrial carbon deposited on the wings of moths results in the darker variety
  4. Translocation of a block of genes in chromosomes in response to heavy carbons.

Answer: 1. Mutation of a single Mendelian gene for survival in the smoke-laden industrial environment

Question 35. In evolution, change mutation occurs in:

  1. Protoplasm
  2. Germplasm DNA
  3. RNA
  4. Nucleus.

Answer: 2. Germplasm DNA

Question 36. Genetic drift is most important in which situation?

  1. Gene flow in a cline
  2. Polymorphism
  3. Small populations
  4. Breeding of flying insects.

Answer: 3. Small populations

Question 37. Genetic drift is more likely to cause evolution in a small population because:

  1. Mating is non-random in small populations
  2. Random events are more apt to happen in small populations
  3. There is no natural selection in small populations
  4. Deviations from statistical averages are more likely to be seen in small populations than in large ones.

Answer: 4. Deviations from statistical averages are more likely to be seen in small populations than in large ones.

Question 38. Selection will not eliminate a lethal recessive allele from a large population of diploid organisms because:

  1. There will always be some heterozygote carrier for the allele
  2. Gene fixation will occur in the population
  3. Hetcrozygotcs arc at a selective advantage
  4. The allele will have some good effects and these will become dominant.

Answer: 1. There will always be some heterozygote carrier for the allele

Comparative Anatomy As Evidence Of Evolution HBSE

Question 39. The most likely reason for the development of resistance against pesticides in insect-damaging crops is:

  1. Genetic recombination
  2. Acquired heritable changes
  3. Directed mutations
  4. Random mutations.

Answer: 2. Acquired heritable changes

Natural Selection Vs Mutation Theory Class 12 HBSE

Question 40. The theory of Neo-Lamarckism is dependent on:

  1. Mutation and natural selection
  2. Mutation
  3. Variation
  4. Heredity.

Answer: 1. Mutation and natural selection

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